istraživanje tiol-disulfidne homeostaze i razine albumina modificiranog ishemijom radi procjene oksidacijskog stresa u pasa sa štenećakom

This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of thiol/disulfide homeostasis (TDH) and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels in evaluating oxidative stress in dogs with canine distemper. The study materials consisted of 24 cross-breed dogs: 18 dogs with canine distemper (CD group) and 6 healthy dogs as the control. Blood samples for analysis of antioxidant-oxidant parameters were taken from both groups. In addition to TDH parameters (native thiol [NT], total thiol [TT], and disulfide [Ds] levels and Ds/NT, Ds/TT, and NT/TT ratios), IMA and albumin (ALB) levels were also determined in the blood serum of the groups. The IMA levels of the CD group were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). Antioxidant parameters (NT, TT) and oxidant parameters (Ds, Ds/NT, and Ds/TT) both exhibited a significant positive correlation among themselves (P<0.01). The areas under the ROC curve of IMA, Ds/ NT, and Ds/TT were 0.78, 0.62, and 0.62 respectively. The high levels of IMA, Ds, Ds/NT, and Ds/TT and low levels of NT, TT, NT/TT and ALB in dogs with canine distemper can be used to assess the oxidative stress caused by the disease. Overall, the diagnostic performances of IMA, Ds/NT, and Ds/TT for detection of increased oxidative stress were similar, but IMA was superior.U ovom je radu istraživana dijagnostička vrijednost tiol-disulfidne homeostaze (TDH) i razine albumina modificiranog ishemijom (IMA) u procjeni oksidacijskog stresa u pasa sa štenećakom. Uključena su 24 psa križanca: 18 pasa sa štenećakom (skupina CD) i 6 zdravih pasa koji su bili kontrolna skupina. U obje su skupine uzeti uzorci krvi za analizu antioksidacijskih i oksidacijskih pokazatelja. Osim TDH pokazatelja (razine nativnog tiola [NT], ukupnog tiola [TT] i disulfida [Ds] te omjeri Ds/NT, Ds/TT i NT/TT), u krvnom serumu obiju skupina određeni su i IMA te albumin (ALB). Razine IMA-e u CD skupini bile su znakovito veće nego u kontrolnoj skupini (P < 0,05). Antioksidacijski pokazatelji (NT, TT) i oksidacijski pokazatelji (Ds, Ds/NT i Ds/TT) pokazali su međusobnu znakovitu pozitivnu korelaciju (P < 0,01). Područja ispod ROC krivulje IMA-e, Ds/NT i Ds/TT bila su 0,78, 0,62 i 0,62. Najviše razine IMA-e, Ds, Ds/NT i Ds/TT te niske razine NT-a, TT-a, NT/TT-a i ALB-a u pasa sa štenećakom mogu se upotrijebiti u procjeni oksidacijskog stresa uzrokovanog tom bolešću. Ukupno gledano, dijagnostička svojstva IMA-e, Ds/NT, i Ds/TT za otkrivanje povećanog oksidacijskog stresa bila su slična, s tim da je najprikladniji bio IMA

Neobisium yozgati n. sp., and N. anaisae n. sp. (Neobisiidae, Pseudoscorpiones), from Turkey and Macedonia (FYROM), respectively

Two new species of endemic and relict cave-dwellers of genus Neobisium Chamberlin, have been described from Turkey and Macedonia (FYROM), respectively. From its phenetically close congener, N. granulatum Beier, N. yozgati n. sp. (from Yozgat, Turkey) is distinguished in many important respects. In addition, N. anaisae n. sp. (from a cave in Krapa, FYROM) differs from its closest forms (N. korabense Ćurčić, N. ohridanum Hadži, and N. vladimirpantici Ćurčić) by many morphological characters and form of different body parts. Both species are illustrated, diagnosed, and thoroughly described. They both represent endemic and relict forms

Tapered nanoscale chalcogenide fibers directly drawn from bulk glasses as optical couplers for high-index resonators

We report production of air-clad tapered chalcogenide fibers by directly drawing bulk glasses between cleaved tips of tapered silica fibers. Exploiting these tapered fibers with nanoscale waists as evanescent optical couplers, we demonstrate phase-matched coupling of light into on-chip whispering gallery mode chalcogenide microresonators with coupling efficiencies as high as 95%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first-time demonstration of critical coupling into high-index microresonators by using high-index tapered fibers. The tapered chalcogenide fibers can also be utilized as optical couplers for microresonators made of various high-index materials, as well as for nonlinear optical applications. © 2017 Optical Society of America

Analysis of technical, economic and environmental aspects of photovoltaic designs: A case study on tekirdag viticulture research institute grape juice processing building roof

Renewable energy sources should be expanded instead of fossil energy sources due to their environmental damage and exhaustion property. Especially, unused roof areas in agricultural production plants are good options for electricity generation using PV panels. In this research; theoretical, practical and technical solar energy potentials were determined; the amount of electricity that can be produced and carbon emission amounts that can be reduced by PV panels were found using PVsyst and RETScreen software in 6 different designs for the roof area of Grape Products Processing Plant in Tekirdag Viticulture Research Institute. The average consumed energy during grape juice production period was determined as 4059,822 kWh. As a result of this research, the technical solar energy potential was found as 1543 kWh/m2 annually with acceptance of panel angle as 20? and the azimuth angle as 0?. Performance ratios for monocrystalline (mono-si), polycrystalline (poly-si) and amorfcrystalline (a-si) PV system designs were calculated as 85,15%-84,39%-80,40% while annual electricity generation values were calculated as 1219-1280-1291 kWh/kWp/year, respectively. It was seen that greenhouse gas reductions can be achieved as 10.9 tCO2/year in case of generation of 23.1 MWh electricity per year (mono-si); 10.5 tCO2 /year in case of 22.4 MWh electricity generation (poly-si) and 4.9 tCO2 /year in case of 10.3 MWh electricity generation (a-si). It was found that designs using a-si panel type are not suitable due to the limited roof area of the plant while designs using mono-si and poly-si panels provide approximate outputs in terms of cost and efficiency. © 2020, TUBITAK. All rights reserved

Bitmiş Li-iyon ikincil pillerinden lityum ve kobalt geri kazanımı

In recent years, consumer demand for smaller and more powerful electronic devices has led to a large increase in the usage of batteries worldwide. Advances in sophisticated electronic items such as laptop computers and mobile phones require these batteries to be more sustainable, smaller and lightweight. The gravimetric energy density is 110-160 and 30-50 Wh/kg for lithium ion and lead acid batteries respectively. Owing to its merit, such as a high energy density, a high working voltage, a long cyclic life and negligible memory loss effects, the lithium ion batteries are state of the art and also remain the battery system with the highest potential for future development. With increasing use of such batteries in the developed countries for transportable applications, and large untapped markets in the developing countries, the need for lithium ion batteries will increase by orders of magnitude. This has led to growing concerns worldwide about the disposal of batteries and the potentially harmful impact they may have on the environment. However, spent batteries also represent a concentrated source of high value metal. Therefore, it is important that a system for recycling and regenerating waste lithium ion batteries is developed. Owing to the explosive nature of metallic lithium, spent lithium primary batteries cannot be disposed safely unless metallic lithium is properly removed from them. In contrast, lithium ion secondary batteries use a lithium conducting cathode made from a non-explosive 'mixed oxide', allowing a wider selection of recycling techniques. These mixed oxides often contain valuable cobalt, which has a high economic value for recycling owing to the fact that natural sources for cobalt are limited, and its uses are diverse and steadily increasing. The objective of the present work is to outline the dissolution characteristics of the cathodic active materials from spent lithium ion secondary batteries in sulfuric acid media, and to recover cobalt and lithium separately as their sulfates by sulfate precipitation method using ethanol. Despite long leaching time and high leaching temperature, it was observed that cobalt, which is present in the LiCoO2 compound, dissolved into concentric sulfuric acid media with poor dissolution efficiency. The reason for this is that the oxidation level of the cobalt in the LiCoO2 compound is +3, so it should be reduced to +2. Hydrogen peroxide, known as both good oxidizer and reducer, is an ideal option for this reduction. Using 5% H2O2, at 80oC, at 300 rpm, the LiCoO2 compound was found to dissolve into 4M H2SO4 in an hour with 100% dissolution efficiency. Cobalt was recovered in two steps. During the first step, 92% of the cobalt is recovered as CoSO4 by the use of ethanol at a volume ratio of 3:1. Ethanol removes water ligands from the Co2+ cation, and caused the precipitation of cobalt as cobalt sulfate monohydrate. In the second step, the remaining cobalt was precipitated as cobalt hydroxide (Co(OH)2) by increasing the pH value up to 10 with the addition of lithium hydroxide (LiOH). Lithium, which remained in the solution, was then recovered as lithium sulfate (Li2SO4) with up to 98% recovery efficiency by the addition of ethanol at a 3:1 volume ratio. It was shown that metals could be precipitated separately by this technique depending on their concentrations present in the solution. Using this selective precipitating characteristic of ethanol, it was managed to precipitate the cobalt with high efficiency without promoting the precipitation of the lithium. The advantage of this technique over more classical techniques for salt crystallization is that no temperature shift is needed, and the product will be intrinsically low in water, unlike the more classical separation by crystallization, which requires heat (or at least temperature control) and tends to yield a metal sulfate with a high amount of crystalline water. The leach acids may be reused in feedback loops. Also, it is possible to recover ethanol by distillation. By doing so, the recovered ethanol could be reused for precipitating sulfates from sulfuric acid solutions. The proposed process can be used to treat spent Li-ion secondary batteries, and to recover valuable cobalt and lithium without posing environmental problem.  Keywords: Li-ion batteries, recycling, precipitation method with ethanol, Li and Co recovery.&nbsp;Bu &ccedil;alışmada, lityum iyon ikincil pillerinde katodik aktif malzeme g&ouml;revi g&ouml;ren lityum kobalt oksit (LiCoO2) bileşiğinin s&uuml;lf&uuml;rik asit ile li&ccedil; davranışları optimize edilerek, &ccedil;&ouml;zeltiye ge&ccedil;en lityum ve kobaltın etanol s&uuml;lfat &ccedil;&ouml;kt&uuml;rme tekniği ile s&uuml;lfatları şeklinde &ccedil;&ouml;kt&uuml;r&uuml;lme şartları incelenmiştir. Yeniden kullanılabilir malzemeleri maksimum seviyede geri kazanmak ve b&ouml;ylece bitmiş pillerin &ccedil;evreye yapacağı kirliliği minimuma indirmek ama&ccedil;lanmıştır. 80oC sıcaklıkta 1 saat boyunca &ccedil;&ouml;z&uuml;mlendirme işlemi i&ccedil;in kullanılan %5 hidrojen peroksit i&ccedil;eren 4M s&uuml;lf&uuml;rik asit &ccedil;&ouml;zeltisi ile lityum ve kobaltın tamamı &ccedil;&ouml;zeltiye ge&ccedil;miştir. &Ccedil;&ouml;zeltiye ge&ccedil;en kobalt iki aşamada geri kazanılmıştır. Birinci adımda, &ccedil;&ouml;zeltideki kobalt iyonları, 3:1 etanol/&ccedil;&ouml;zelti hacimsel oranında etanol ilavesiyle CoSO4 şeklinde %92 verim ile &ccedil;&ouml;kt&uuml;r&uuml;lm&uuml;şt&uuml;r. Etanol, &ccedil;&ouml;zeltideki s&uuml;lfat ligant bağlarının kırılmasını sağlayarak kobaltın, kobalt s&uuml;lfat tuzu (CoSO4) şeklinde &ccedil;&ouml;kmesini sağlamıştır. İkinci adımda, etanol ile &ccedil;&ouml;kmeyen kobalt iyonları, lityum hidroksit ile pH 10&rsquo;a getirilerek kobalt hidroksit (Co(OH)2) şeklinde &ccedil;&ouml;kt&uuml;r&uuml;lm&uuml;şt&uuml;r. &Ccedil;&ouml;zeltideki lityum iyonları da s&uuml;lf&uuml;rik asit ile asitlendirildikten sonra 3:1 etanol/&ccedil;&ouml;zelti hacimsel oranında etanol ilavesiyle %98 verim ile lityum s&uuml;lfat (Li2SO4) şeklinde &ccedil;&ouml;kt&uuml;r&uuml;lm&uuml;şt&uuml;r. Etanol s&uuml;lfat &ccedil;&ouml;kt&uuml;rme tekniği ile metallerin başlangı&ccedil; konsantrasyonlarına bağlı olarak selektif olarak &ccedil;&ouml;kt&uuml;r&uuml;ld&uuml;kleri g&ouml;sterilmiştir. Ayrıca diğer metotların aksine etanol s&uuml;lfat &ccedil;&ouml;kt&uuml;rme metodu ile yapılan &ccedil;&ouml;kt&uuml;rme işleminde sıcaklık değişimine ihtiya&ccedil; yoktur ve elde edilen &uuml;r&uuml;n d&uuml;ş&uuml;k miktarda kristal su i&ccedil;ermektedir.&nbsp;Anahtar Kelimeler: Li-iyon pilleri, geri d&ouml;n&uuml;ş&uuml;m, etanol s&uuml;lfat &ccedil;&ouml;kt&uuml;rme, Li ve Co kazanımı.&nbsp

Collective Excitations of (154)Sm nucleus at FEL{gamma}+LHC Collider

The production of collective excitations of the (154)Sm at FEL{gamma}+LHC collider is investigated. We show that this machine will be a powerful tool for investigation of high energy level excitations.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, 4 table

The effect of sulforaphane on oxidative stress and inflammation in rats with toxic hepatitis induced by acetaminophene

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to reveal the possible effect of sulforaphane on oxidative stress and inflammation in rats liver with toxic hepatitis induced by acetaminophene. BACKGROUND: Sulforaphane is a compound with high antioxidant properties. Acetaminophen, which is a para-aminophenol derivative, can lead to fatal hepatic necrosis with direct hepatotoxic effects at high doses. METHODS: Thirty six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups. Control group (n = 9) was fed with standard rat chow and water for 3 days. Group APAP (n = 9) received a single dose acetaminophen 1 g/kg by oral gavage in addition to standard chow and water. Group SFN (n = 9) received sulforaphane 500 mu g/kg by oral gavage in addition to standard chow and water for 3 days. Group APAP+SFN (n = 9) received sulforaphane 500 mu g/kg and a single dose acetaminophen 1 g/kg by oral gavage in addition to standard chow and water. Acetaminophen was administered three hours after SFN administration. RESULTS: Neopterin, MDA, AST, ALT and CRP levels of group APAP were significantly increased compared to control group. GSH level of group APAP was significantly lower than in the control group. CONCLUSION: Sulforaphane is a protective agent against acetaminophen-induced liver damage and it can be added in the treatment protocol (Tab. 1, Fig. 5, Ref. 51). Text in PDF www.elis.sk

Polynomial Solution of Non-Central Potentials

We show that the exact energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the Schrodinger equation for charged particles moving in certain class of non-central potentials can be easily calculated analytically in a simple and elegant manner by using Nikiforov and Uvarov (NU) method. We discuss the generalized Coulomb and harmonic oscillator systems. We study the Hartmann Coulomb and the ring-shaped and compound Coulomb plus Aharanov-Bohm potentials as special cases. The results are in exact agreement with other methods.Comment: 18 page

Perspective of turkish medicine students on cancer, cancer treatments, palliative care, and oncologists (ares study): A study of the palliative care working committee of the turkish oncology group (TOG)

Cancer is one of the most common causes of death all over the World (Rahib et al. in Cancer Res 74(11):2913–2921, 2014; Silbermann et al. in Ann Oncol 23(Suppl 3):iii15–iii28, 2012). It is crucial to diagnose this disease early by effective screening methods and also it is very important to acknowledge the community on various aspects of this disease such as the treatment methods and palliative care. Not only the oncologists but every medical doctor should be educated well in dealing with cancer patients. Previous studies suggested various opinions on the level of oncology education in medical schools (Pavlidis et al. in Ann Oncol 16(5):840–841, 2005). In this study, the perspectives of medical students on cancer, its treatment, palliative care, and the oncologists were analyzed in relation to their educational status. A multicenter survey analysis was performed on a total of 4224 medical school students that accepted to enter this study in Turkey. After the questions about the demographical characteristics of the students, their perspectives on the definition, diagnosis, screening, and treatment methods of cancer and their way of understanding metastatic disease as well as palliative care were analyzed. The questionnaire includes questions with answers and a scoring system of Likert type 5 (absolutely disagree = 1, completely agree = 5). In the last part of the questionnaire, there were some words to detect what the words “cancer” and “oncologist” meant for the students. The participant students were analyzed in two study groups; “group 1” (n = 1.255) were phases I and II students that had never attended an oncology lesson, and “group 2” (n = 2.969) were phases III to VI students that had attended oncology lessons in the medical school. SPSS v17 was used for the database and statistical analyses. A value of p < 0.05 was noted as statistically significant. Group 1 defined cancer as a contagious disease (p = 0.00025), they believed that early diagnosis was never possible (p = 0.042), all people with a diagnosis of cancer would certainly die (p = 0.044), and chemotherapy was not successful in a metastatic disease (p = 0.003) as compared to group 2. The rate of the students that believed gastric cancer screening was a part of the national screening policy was significantly more in group 1 than in group 2 (p = 0.00014). Group 2 had a higher anxiety level for themselves or their family members to become a cancer patient. Most of the students in both groups defined medical oncologists as warriors (57% in group 1 and 40% in group 2; p = 0.097), and cancer was reminding them of “death” (54% in group 1 and 48% in group 2; p = 0.102). This study suggested that oncology education was useful for the students’ understanding of cancer and related issues; however, the level of oncology education should be improved in medical schools in Turkey. This would be helpful for medical doctors to cope with many aspects of cancer as a major health care problem in this country. © 2018, American Association for Cancer Education